Today in many developing regions there is a general shortfall in resources required to provide the traveling public with a suitable road network. Many of the problems have come from cuts in government funding as well as a lack of knowledge in new road development methods. This situation has forced a re-evaluation of conventional road design standards and construction methods. Faced with these problems, many engineers have to specify the use of substandard or modified gravels on many roads. This however leads to additional problems particularly on gravel roads such as:

> Maintenance problems related to surface durability under wet and dry conditions.
> Safety, health and environmental problems related to dust or loose gravel materials.
> Maintenance problems related to surface durability under wet and dry conditions.

Causes Of Failure

> Water
> Poor drainage
> Deterioration of shoulders
> Expansive minerals in the soil

The Solution

To overcome some of the problems, road engineers have recently embarked on a series of trial evaluations using additives in pavement layers and gravel wearing courses. These are:

> The use of synthetic additives to modify existing gravel wearing courses and in-situ materials to improve the durability and load capacity.
> The use of synthetic additives in conventional surfaced road pavement layer with a resultant cost benefit.

A typical rural road before Duralay treatment

An example of a road which has been treated with Duralay.

A team of construction workers in the process of applying Duralay to a road in India. 

The next phase of the treatment during the same project in India.

Following completion of the project in India.